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The terms 7th July, July 7th, and 7/7 (pronounced "Seven-seven") have been widely used in the Western media as a shorthand for the 7 July 2005 bombings on London's transport system. In the Chinese language, this term is used to denote the Battle of Lugou Bridge started on July 7, 1937, marking the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War. ==Events== *1124 – Tyre falls to the Crusaders. *1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death. *1520 – Spanish ''conquistadores'' defeat a larger Aztec army at the Battle of Otumba. *1534 – European colonization of the Americas: First known exchange between Europeans and natives of the Gulf of St. Lawrence in New Brunswick. *1543 – French troops invade Luxembourg. *1575 – Raid of the Redeswire, the last major battle between England and Scotland. *1585 – The Treaty of Nemours abolishes tolerance to Protestants in France. *1770 – The Battle of Larga between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire takes place. *1777 – American Revolutionary War: American forces retreating from Fort Ticonderoga are defeated in the Battle of Hubbardton. *1798 – As a result of the XYZ Affair, the U.S. Congress rescinds the Treaty of Alliance with France sparking the "Quasi-War". *1807 – Napoleonic Wars: The Peace of Tilsit between France, Prussia and Russia ends the War of the Fourth Coalition. *1834 – In New York City, four nights of rioting against abolitionists began. *1846 – Mexican–American War: American troops occupy Monterey and Yerba Buena, thus beginning the U.S. acquisition of California. *1863 – United States begins its first military draft; exemptions cost $300. *1865 – American Civil War: Four conspirators in the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln are hanged. *1892 – Katipunan: The Revolutionary Philippine Brotherhood is established, contributing to the fall of the Spanish Empire in Asia. *1898 – U.S. President William McKinley signs the Newlands Resolution annexing Hawaii as a territory of the United States. *1907 – Florenz Ziegfeld, Jr. staged his first Follies on the roof of the New York Theater in New York City. *1911 – The United States, Great Britain, Japan, and Russia sign the North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 banning open-water seal hunting, the first international treaty to address wildlife preservation issues. *1915 – World War I: End of First Battle of the Isonzo. * 1915 – An International Railway trolley with an extreme overload of 157 passengers crashes near Queenston, Ontario, killing 15. * 1915 – Militia officer Henry Pedris executed by firing squad at Colombo, Ceylon - an act widely regarded as a miscarriage of justice by the British colonial authorities. *1916 – The New Zealand Labour Party was founded in Wellington. *1928 – Sliced bread is sold for the first time (on the inventor's 48th birthday) by the Chillicothe Baking Company of Chillicothe, Missouri. *1930 – Industrialist Henry J. Kaiser begins construction of Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam). * 1930 – Death of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930), creator of Sherlock Holmes. *1937 – Second Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Lugou Bridge: Japanese forces invade Beijing, China. *1941 – World War II: U.S. forces land in Iceland, taking over from an earlier British occupation. * 1941 – World War II: Beirut is occupied by Free France and British troops. *1944 – World War II: Largest Banzai charge of the Pacific War at the Battle of Saipan. *1946 – Mother Francesca S. Cabrini becomes the first American to be canonized. * 1946 – Howard Hughes nearly dies when his XF-11 reconnaissance aircraft prototype crashes in a Beverly Hills neighborhood. *1947 – The Roswell incident, the (supposed) crash of an alien spaceship near Roswell in New Mexico. *1952 – The ocean liner passes Bishop Rock on her maiden voyage, breaking the transatlantic speed record to become the fastest passenger ship in the world. *1953 – Ernesto "Che" Guevara sets out on a trip through Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, and El Salvador. *1954 – Elvis Presley makes his radio debut when WHBQ Memphis played his first recording for Sun Records, "That's All Right." *1956 – Fritz Moravec and two other Austrian mountaineers make the first ascent of Gasherbrum II (8,035 m). *1958 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs the Alaska Statehood Act into law. *1959 – Venus occults the star Regulus. This rare event is used to determine the diameter of Venus and the structure of the Venusian atmosphere. *1963 – Buddhist crisis: The police of Ngô Đình Nhu, brother and chief political adviser of President Ngô Đình Diệm, attacked a group of American journalists who were covering a protest. *1978 – The Solomon Islands becomes independent from the United Kingdom *1980 – Institution of sharia in Iran. * 1980 – During the Lebanese Civil War, 83 Tiger militants are killed during what will be known as the Safra massacre. *1981 – U.S. President Ronald Reagan appoints Sandra Day O'Connor to become the first female member of the Supreme Court of the United States. *1983 – Cold War: Samantha Smith, a U.S. schoolgirl, flies to the Soviet Union at the invitation of Secretary General Yuri Andropov. *1985 – Boris Becker becomes the youngest player ever to win Wimbledon at age 17 *1991 – Yugoslav Wars: The Brioni Agreement ends the ten-day independence war in Slovenia against the rest of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. *1997 – The Turkish Armed Forces withdraw from northern Iraq after assisting the Kurdistan Democratic Party in the Iraqi Kurdish Civil War. *2003 – NASA Opportunity rover, MER-B or Mars Exploration Rover–B, was launched into space aboard a Delta II rocket. *2005 – A series of four explosions occurs on London's transport system killing 56 people including four suicide bombers and injuring over 700 others. *2007 – The first Live Earth benefit concert was held in 11 locations around the world. *2012 – At least 172 people are killed in a flash flood in the Krasnodar Krai region of Russia. *2013 – A De Havilland Otter air taxi crashes in Soldotna, Alaska, killing ten people. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「July 7」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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